基于叙事疗法的心理护理干预对首发精神分裂症患者健康信念及应对方式的影响

Effects of Narrative Therapy-Based Psychological Nursing Intervention on Health Beliefs and Coping Styles in Patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia

目的:探讨基于叙事疗法的心理护理干预对首发精神分裂症患者健康信念及应对方式的影响.方法:选取2018年1月至2022年12月本院收治的105例首发精神分裂症患者作为研究对象.按照随机数字表法将其分为研究组(n=53,给予基于叙事疗法的心理护理干预)和对照组(n=52,给予常规护理干预).对两组患者的干预前、后健康信念[Champion健康信念模型量表(CHBMS)]、应对方式[简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)]、精神疾病病耻感量表中文版(SSMI-C)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评分进行统计学分析.结果:干预6周后,研究组CHBMS评分、SSRS评分、SSMI-C评分改善情况,均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组积极应对评分、消极应对评分改善程度,均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者总体护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:基于叙事疗法的心理护理干预对首发精神分裂症患者健康信念、应对方式、病耻感、社会支持度、总体护理满意度有显著改善效果.

Objective:To explore the effects of psychological nursing intervention based on narrative therapy on health beliefs and coping styles of patients with first-episode schizophrenia.Methods:A total of 105 first-ever cases of schizophrenia in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected and randomly divided into a study group(n=53,receiving psychological care based on narrative therapy)and a control group(n=52,receiving routine care).Statistical comparison of health beliefs before and after intervention between two groups:the Champion health belief model scale(CHBMS),the simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ),the stigma scale for mental illness-Chinese(SSMI-C),and the social support rating scale(SSRS).Results:After 6 weeks of intervention,CHBMS score,SSRS score and SSMI-C score in the study group were better than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The improvement of positive coping score and negative coping score in the study group was higher than that in the control group after 6 weeks of intervention,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After 6 weeks of intervention,the overall nursing satisfaction of the study group was higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Psychological nursing intervention based on narrative therapy can significantly improve the health belief,coping style,stigma,social support and nursing satisfaction of patients with first-episode schizophrenia.