“双碳”战略下构建面向未来气候适应型城镇排水系统

Construction of Future Climate Adaptable Urban Drainage System under the“Dual Carbon”Strategy

城市水安全是城市安全的基石和生命健康维系的基础,排水系统是链接人类生命健康与水环境、清洁供水和生活排泄物最终去向的纽带。在梳理排水系统发展历史基础上,分析了古代(基于水利用)、近代(卫生驱动型)、现代(水质与水量驱动型)三个不同历史时期排水系统的特点,总结了污水生物处理阶段性总体技术特征;针对全球气候变暖导致的极端降雨日趋增多、“双碳”战略等外部环境的约束,分析了传统城镇排水系统面临的挑战,在此基础上提出了构建面向未来气候适应型可持续城市排水系统,以实现现代排水系统从水质与水量型向气候适应型的转变。同时分析了流域视角下气候适应型排水系统的“Safe&SuRe”准则,介绍了以气候变化模型模拟及预测为基础的“降尺度”总体技术路线及理念,以及实现流域不同尺度上的技术及管控协同、资源源头转向能源化和资源化、智慧流域视角下实时控制系统等应对策略及路径。

Urban water security serves as the foundation of urban security and the basis of life and health maintenance.The drainage system acts as the crucial link between human life and health and water environment,clean water supply and the management of domestic waste.By examining the development history of drainage system,this study analyzed the general characteristics of the drainage system in three historical periods:ancient drainage system based on water utilization,modern drainage system with sanitary driving type,modern drainage system with water quality and quantity driving type.And then,the overall technical characteristics of sewage biological treatment stages were summarized.With the increasing extreme rainfall frequency due to global warming and the external environmental constraints such as the“dual carbon”strategy,the challenges of the traditional urban drainage system were analyzed.In response,it is suggested to construct a sustainable urban drainage system oriented to future climate adaptation,and to achieve the functional transformation for modern drainage system from water quality and quantity oriented to climate adaptive systems.The“Safe&SuRe”criteria for constructing climate adaptable drainage system from a watershed perpective was analyzed.And the“downscaling”overall technical route and concept based on climate-driven model simulation and prediction were introducted.Additionally,pathways for achieving basin coordination,converting resource source to energy and resource utilization,and implementing real-time control system from the perspective of smart basin were also proposed.