“随军营业”:日据末期台湾银行在海南岛的金融侵略

"Follow the Army for Business":Financial Aggression of the Bank of Taiwan on Hainan Island during the Late Japanese Occupation

1939年2月日军攻占海南岛后,作为日本殖民统治中国台湾的“中央银行”,拥有丰富的战时“随军营业”经验的台湾银行,随即被日本军部指定为统辖银行进驻该岛,协助日军在岛内开展金融掠夺和各项“开发事业”,包括开展各种情报调查、为岛内各日本会社提供大量资金融通、协助军队强制推广军票等,成为日军将海南打造成“南进基地”和实现“以战养战”战略企图的御用金融工具。在营业过程中,台湾银行在海南通过“牺牲性”的营业方针,以损失该分行的利益为代价,竭力促进各日资会社在岛内的资源掠夺以及该行在内地的整体扩张,充分暴露了其作为日本殖民统治国策银行的属性特质。

After the Japanese army captured Hainan Island in February 1939,as the"central bank"of Taiwan,China under Japanese colonial rule and with rich wartime experience of"operating with the military,"the Bank of Taiwan(BOT)was immediately designated by the Japanese military as the governing bank to settle on the island.The bank assisted the Japanese army in carrying out financial plunder and colonial development on the island,including detailed intelligence investigations,providing a large amount of financing for various Japanese societies on the island,and assisting the military team in forcibly promoting the proliferation of military tickets.It became a financial tool used by the Japanese army to build Hainan into a""southward base"and achieve the strategic intention of"feeding war with war."In the process of operation,the BOT adopted a"sacrificial"business policy in Hainan to promote the plundering of resources by various Japanese investment associations on the island and the overall expansion of the bank in the Chinese mainland,fully demonstrating its attributes and characteristics as a"national policy bank."