考虑桩-水-土耦合的船桥碰撞损伤特性

Collision Damage Characteristics of Ship Bridge Considering Pile-Water-Soil Coupling

船桥碰撞问题是一种复杂的非线性动力学问题,现存规范经验公式只能对其最大碰撞力进行预测,无法全面预测船-桥结构的损伤特性,而有限单元法可有效地对这一不足进行补充。通过LS-DYNA软件研究考虑桩土作用和流固耦合效应的船桥碰撞损伤特性,通过数值仿真与试验结果、AASHTO规范公式的对比分别验证钢筋混凝土材料模型的准确性以及桩-水-土耦合方法的有效性;分析典型碰撞场景下船舶和桥墩桩基结构的碰撞损伤特性;讨论船速和船撞角度等因素对船桥碰撞损伤的影响。结果表明:典型船桥碰撞场景下船舶和桥墩结构的损伤均较为严重;船撞速度、角度越大,碰撞力峰值也越大;桩土作用和流固耦合效应均不可忽略。该结果可为船舶和桥墩结构设计提供一定参考。

The ship-bridge collision problem is a complex nonlinear dynamics problem,and the existing empirical formulas can only predict the maximum collision force,but cannot predict the damage characteristics of ship-bridge structure comprehensively,and the finite unit method can effectively supplement the deficiency.LS-DYNA software is used to study the impact damage characteristics of ship bridge considering pile-soil interaction and fluid-structure coupling effect.Firstly,the accuracy of the reinforced concrete material model and the effectiveness of the pile-water-soil coupling method are verified by comparing the numerical simulation with the experimental results and the AASHTO code formulation,respectively.Secondly,the collision damage characteristics of ship and bridge pier pile structure under typical collision scenarios are analyzed.Finally,the impact of ship speed,ship impact angle and other factors on the collision damage of ship and bridge is discussed.The results show that the typical ship and bridge collision scenario ship,bridge pier structure damage are more serious;the ship collision speed,the larger the angle,the larger the peak collision force;the pile soil action and fluid-solid coupling effect are not negligible.It can provide a certain reference for the design of ship and bridge pier structure.