洁净手术室多类送风模式及其通风换气特征

Multiple air supply modes and ventilation characteristics in clean operating room

对不同送风形式下的某Ⅱ级单向流洁净手术室内的静态气流组织进行数值研究,主要研究了局部水平送风、垂直送风及换气次数对手术室内气流组织及相应关键评价指标的影响。利用基于RANS(Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations)的标准k-ε(湍动能-耗散率)湍流模型开展数值模拟,比较不同送风模式与换气次数对静态手术洁净室下工作区域内流动特征、风速不均匀度、速度衰减度以及空气龄的作用规律。结果表明,垂直单向流应谨慎增加换气次数,在工作面z=7/16H(H为高度)附近能取得该模型最优风速不均匀性;局部水平单向流相较局部垂直单向流能更好地抵抗由于无影灯等设备带来的气流阻隔,但其气流参数易受送风口前障碍物或医护人员位置变动所带来的扰动而急剧下降,因此在工程中应保障水平送风口的通畅性。

The static air distribution in a classⅡunidirectional airflow clean operating room with diverse air supply modes was numerically studied.The effects of local horizontal air supply,vertical air supply and air change times per hour(ACH)on the air distribution and the corresponding key evaluation indexes in the operating room were mainly studied.Standard k-εturbulence model based on RANS(Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations)was used to carry out the numerical simulation to compare the effects on the flow characteristics,the wind speed unevenness,the speed attenuation and air age in the working area under diverse air supply modes and ACH.The results show that for vertical unidirectional flow,the number of ACH should be carefully increased,and the optimal wind speed unevenness can be achieved near z=7/16H(H represents height)of the operation area.Compared with the partial-ventilation vertical unidirectional airflow,the partialventilation horizontal unidirectional airflow can better resist the airflow barrier caused by astral lamps and other equipment,but its airflow parameters are easily disturbed by the obstacles in front of the air supply inlet or the position changes of medical staff.Therefore,the barrier-free in front of horizontal air supply inlet should be guaranteed in engineering.