多环芳烃影响心血管类疾病发生及其机制的研究进展

Research progress of effects and mechanism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on cardiovascular diseases

心血管疾病(CVDs)是全球最常见的非传染性疾病,具有高患病率、高致残率和高死亡率等特点,严重威胁人类健康。全球每年CVDs死亡原因居各种疾病死因首位,环境污染是诱发CVDs的重要风险因素。多环芳烃(PAHs)是大气中普遍存在的半挥发性有机污染物,可引发高血压、心律失常、动脉粥样硬化(AS)和先天性心脏病(CHD)等多种CVDs。本文系统综述PAHs与CVDs的关联以及PAHs暴露对CVDs的影响,总结与PAHs和CVDs相关的细胞实验、动物实验和流行病学研究,阐述了PAHs暴露诱发心血管系统损伤的机制(氧化应激、炎症反应、血管稳态失衡、细胞电生理异常、基因毒性等),为厘清PAHs对CVDs的危害、减轻CVDs疾病负担以及未来CVDs发病机制研究提供了重要的科学依据。

Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the most common non-communicable diseases in the world,with high morbidity,disability and mortality rates,and are a serious threat to human health.Studies have shown that CVDs are the leading cause of death in the world.Environmental pollution is an important risk factor for CVDs.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are common semi-volatile organic pollutants in the atmosphere.They can cause a variety of CVDs including hypertension,arrhythmias,atherosclerosis(AS)and congenital heart disease(CHD).This study systematically reviewed the relationship between PAHs and CVDs as well as the effects of PAHs exposure on CVDs,summarized the in vivo and in vitro experimental and epidemiological studies related to PAHs and CVDs,and elucidated the mechanisms of cardiovascular system damage(oxidative stress,inflammatory reaction,vascular homeostasis imbalance,cell electrophysiological abnormality,gene toxicity,etc.)induced by PAHs exposure.It provides important scientific basis and research direction for clarifying the harm of PAHs to CVDs,reducing the disease burden of CVDs and studying the pathogenesis of CVDs in the future.