海水电解制氢研究进展

Research progress of hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis

随着清洁能源的深度发展和电解水制氢技术的革新,海水电解制氢成为了研究热点之一。海洋作为地球上水资源最丰富的区域,从电解水角度考虑是实现大规模电解水制氢的绝佳选择。但是海水中的物质组成丰富,以现有电解水技术进行海水制氢仍无法规模化应用。综述了海水直接电解制氢的总体进展,对电解海水反应涉及的析氢、析氧半反应的机制进行了详细阐述,对电解海水用关键催化剂的研究进展进行了概括和分析,对该领域存在的挑战和技术进展进行了总结和展望。海水直接制氢技术从实验室走向工业化依然面临着很大挑战,其未来发展仍需要经过大量的理论研究和实际测试。

With the deep development of clean energy and the innovation of hydrogen production technology by electrolysis,hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis has become one of the research hotspots.The ocean,as the most abundant water resources on earth,is an excellent choice to achieve large-scale hydrogen production by electrolytic water from the perspective of electrolytic water.However,the material composition of seawater is rich,so the existing electrolytic water technology can not be used in scale to produce hydrogen from seawater.The general progress of hydrogen production by direct electrolysis in seawater was reviewed,and the mechanism of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution involved in the reaction of electrolytic seawater was described in detail.Then,the research progress of key catalysts used in seawater electrolysis was summarized and analyzed,and the current challenges and technical progress in this field were summarized and prospected.Direct hydrogen production from seawater is still facing great challenges from laboratory to industrialization,and its future development still needs to go through a lot of theoretical research and practical tests.