基于聚类分析的老旧小区广场空间形态与要素研究

Spatial Forms and Elements of Plazas in Older Neighborhoods Based on Cluster Analysis

广场空间是老旧小区居民日常交往、休闲活动的主要场所,也是老旧小区改造的重要内容之一。以合肥市50个老旧小区的73个广场空间作为样本,对它们的面积、长宽比、饱和度、竖直视角以及平面围合度等五个指标进行了量化描述和分析,并应用聚类分析方法对这些广场在形态上进行分类,归纳出大型规则开敞广场、小型狭长围合广场、小型规则半围合广场、大型狭长半围合广场以及小型不规则半围合广场等五种老旧小区的广场空间类型。在此基础上,对广场空间要素的分布特征进行分析,揭示了不同广场类型的要素构成特征。通过解析老旧小区不同类型广场的共性及特征,为针对性地提出老旧小区更新策略奠定基础。

Plaza space is the main place for daily interaction and leisure activities of residents in old neighborhoods,and it is also one of the important contents of the renovation of old neighborhoods.Taking 73 square spaces in 50 old neighborhoods in Hefei City as samples,we quantitatively described and analyzed their five indexes such as area,aspect ratio,saturation,vertical view angle,and planar enclosure,then we applied the cluster analysis method to categorize these squares morphologically,and summarized five types of square spaces in old neighborhoods such as large regular open squares,small narrow enclosing squares,small regular semi-enclosing squares,large narrow semi-enclosing squares and small irregular semi-enclosed squares.On this basis,we analyzed the distribution characteristics of square space elements,and revealed the elemental composition characteristics of different square types.By analyzing the commonalities and characteristics of different types of squares in old neighborhoods,we hoped to lay the foundation for proposing targeted renewal strategies for old neighborhoods.