考虑共享单车接驳的共享汽车站点选址模型构建及应用研究

A Car-sharing Site Location Model and its Application Considering Bike-sharing

共享汽车是共享经济背景下的一种绿色出行模式,它不但能满足人们出行用车需求,还能实现城市低碳绿色发展。但是,很多城市也出现了共享汽车站点布局不合理、站点汽车数量和用户需求不匹配、停车取车难等一系列问题。在组合出行的背景下,基于停车场、城市POI及出租车(包括快车)订单等多源数据,以最大化用户需求满足和最小化取车还车成本为目标,构建考虑共享单车接驳的共享汽车站点选址模型,并实证分析得到最优的站点布局。研究结果表明,从用户需求情况来看,在共享汽车站点最大服务范围一定的前提下,可以通过增加站点数量和共享单车可用率来提高用户需求,让共享汽车用户在出行时做到有车可用。从用户取还车便捷性来看,在共享汽车站点最大服务范围较大时,随着共享单车可用率的增加,用户使用取还共享汽车花费的时间明显减少。这在一定程度上说明共享单车可用率增加可有效提高共享汽车用户取还车的便捷性,缩短用户的取还车时间,提高其用车意愿。

In the context of the sharing economy,car-sharing emerges as a green transportation model.It fulfills people’s transportation needs while fostering low-carbon and environmentally friendly urban development.Nevertheless,cities have faced challenges such as the irrational placement of shared car stations,imbalances in car availability versus user demand,and difficulties with parking and vehicle retrieval.To address these issues,this study constructs a car-sharing station location model that incorporates bike-sharing connections.The aim is to optimize user satisfaction while minimizing the costs associated with picking up and returning cars.Through empirical analysis,we determine the optimal station layout.Our findings reveal that,from a user demand perspective,expanding the number of car-sharing stations and enhancing bike-sharing availability within the maximum service range of these stations effectively boosts user demand.This ensures that car-sharing users have access to vehicles during their travels.Furthermore,considering user convenience when retrieving and returning cars,we observe that as the bike-sharing availability increases within a larger maximum service range of car-sharing sites,the time users spend on these activities significantly decreases.This suggests that bike-sharing can greatly enhance the convenience of car-sharing users,reducing the time required for vehicle retrieval and return,and subsequently increasing their inclination to use car-sharing services.