科学化进路:比较教育实证研究范式的历史考察

Process of Scientization:On the Course of Comparative Education Positive Research Paradigm

任何教育比较都是基于基本事实展开的,比较教育学具有“天然”的实证性。从实证研究范式的变迁来看,比较教育研究经历了以经验描述为导向的朴素实证研究,以经验解释为导向的历史实证研究,以经验证实为导向的科学实证研究和以经验比较为导向的综合实证研究四个发展阶段。四个阶段具有并行性、继时性、统一性的特征,需要联系的、发展的分析和判断。综述而论,实证研究范式的形成和发展,推进了比较教育研究方法的实证化,推进了比较教育研究程序的规范化,推进了比较教育研究结果的客观化,推进了比较教育学科的科学化。

Any comparison in education is based on fundamental facts,and comparative education inherently possesses an empirical nature.From the perspective of the evolution of empirical research paradigms,comparative education research has undergone four developmental stages:simple empirical research oriented towards experiential description,historical empirical research oriented towards experiential explanation,scientific empirical research oriented towards experiential verification,and comprehensive empirical research oriented towards experiential comparison.These four stages exhibit characteristics of parallelism,succession,and unity,necessitating connected and developmental analysis and judgment.In summary,the formation and development of empirical research paradigms have advanced the empiricism of comparative education research methods,standardized the procedures of comparative education research,objectified the results of comparative education research,and propelled the scientific nature of the discipline of comparative education.