国际视野下教育何以助力乡村振兴——一项叙事综合的分析

How Education Help Rural Revitalization in an International Perspective--A Narrative Synthesis Analysis

教育是高质量达成乡村振兴战略目标的策略性选择。采用叙事综合分析法,对教育和乡村振兴的关系研究进行系统回顾,其中18项目标研究被纳入分析。研究发现:教育经费、教育结构和个体受教育程度都与乡村振兴存在正相关关系;相较于农业研发、农村道路和电力的投资对乡村振兴产生的正向影响效应,教育经费产生的效应并非首要;乡村小初高三种教育水平的供给能促进乡村生活富裕,且义务教育供给的减贫效应要大于高中教育,城市受义务教育的回报要高于农村;个体受教育程度是被研究最多的维度,其对乡村振兴之生活富裕、产业兴旺、生态宜居三方面存在正向影响,且与生活富裕的关系研究最多;大多数证据表明教育与乡村振兴之生活富裕和产业兴旺正相关;教育与乡村振兴之生态宜居、乡风文明和治理有效之间的关系研究匮乏;被报告的协变量体现了个体、家庭和地域的层级特征。据上述发现,提出研究结论。

Education is a strategic choice for achieving the high-quality goals of rural revitalization strategies.Using a narrative synthesis analysis method,this study systematically reviews the relationship between education and rural revitalization,incorporating 18 targeted studies into the analysis.The findings reveal that education funding,educational structure,and individual educational attainment are positively correlated with rural revitalization.Compared to the positive impact effects of investments in agricultural research and development,rural roads,and electricity,the effects of educational funding are not primary.The provision of elementary,middle,and high school education in rural areas can promote wealthier rural life,with the poverty reduction effect of compulsory education being greater than that of high school education,and the returns on compulsory education in urban areas surpassing those in rural areas.Individual educational attainment,the most studied dimension,has a positive impact on rural revitalization in terms of wealthier life,thriving industries,and suitable ecological living,with the most research focusing on its relationship with wealthier life.Most evidence indicates that education is positively correlated with wealthier rural life and thriving industries.However,research on the relationships between education and ecological suitability,rural culture and civilization,and effective governance in rural revitalization is scarce.The reported covariates reflect the hierarchical characteristics of individuals,families,and regions.Based on these findings,the research conclusions are presented.