企业数据要素市场化配置:逻辑理路、发展困境与制度构建

Market-oriented Allocation of Enterprise Data Elements:Logical Rationale,Development Dilemma and Institutional Construction

企业数据要素市场化配置事关数据价值的实现和数字经济的发展。在我国,此项改革优势明显,发展形势总体向好,各地涌现出一批可资借鉴的典型模式。对其进行考察,可以提炼出企业数据要素市场化配置改革的有益经验。当前,实践中还存在数据确权、供需撮合、市场建设、数据治理等方面的问题。由此,我国应当建立起企业数据要素市场化配置的基础制度,即产权结构性分置的权利制度、数商类型丰富且服务齐全的主体制度、规范高效且互联互通的市场制度、多元共治且激励相容的监管制度。

The market-oriented allocation of enterprise data elements is crucial for realizing data value and fostering the development of the digital economy.In China,this reform has obvious advantages,with overall positive development trends,and a number of exemplary models worthy of reference have emerged in various regions.By examining these models,useful lessons can be distilled from the reform of market-based allocation of enterprise data elements.Currently,in practice,there are still problems in data rights,supply and demand aggregation,market construction and data governance.As a result,China should establish a foundational system for the market allocation of enterprise data elements,i.e.,a rights system with structural separation of property rights,a subject system with rich types of data vendors and comprehensive service offerings,a standardized,efficient and interconnected market framework,and a regulatory framework with pluralistic governance and incentive compatibility.