论新职业教育法视域下的教育机会平等

Equal of Educational Opportunities from the Perspective of the New Vocational Education Law

《中华人民共和国职业教育法》历经二十余载迎来了全面修订,拓展丰富了教育机会平等的相关内容,为公众理解教育机会平等提供了新的视野。教育机会平等的语义核心包括开放与共享,语义外延包括尊重个人的自我选择、关注教育的结果以及政府调控等,新修订的职业教育法拓展了其语义外延,强调职业教育相对于普通教育的机会平等。从规范体系内部来看,教育机会平等是结构立体分层的平等,在主体多元共建的基础上,呈现出点面结合的形式。从规范体系所处的外部社会来看,教育机会平等是起点—过程—结果的动态统一,作为社会整合的必要手段,是社会选择的动态反映。描述性分析有助于减少法律概念的模糊性,为教育法规的发展提供理解基础,助力教育机会平等和教育公平的落实。

After more than 20 years of comprehensive revision,Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic of China has expanded and enriched the relevant content of equal educational opportunities,providing a new perspective for the public to understand equal educational opportunities.The semantic core of equal educational opportunities includes openness and sharing,and the semantic extension includes respecting individual choices,paying attention to educational outcomes,and government regulation.The newly revised Vocational Education Law expands its semantic extension,emphasizing equal opportunities in vocational education compared to general education.From the perspective of the normative system,equal educational opportunities are a three⁃dimensional and layered equality,which presents a form of point to surface integration on the basis of diverse and collaborative construction among subjects.From the perspective of the external society where the system norms are located,equal educational opportunities are a dynamic unity of starting point,process,and result.As a necessary means of social integration,they are a dynamic reflection of social choices.Descriptive analysis helps to reduce the ambiguity of legal concepts,provide a basis for understanding the development of educational regulations,and assist in the implementation of equal educational opportunities and equity.