数字普惠金融对个体职业选择影响研究

Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Individual Occupation Choice

数字普惠金融成为缓解我国严峻就业形势不可或缺的组成要素。本文运用Probit模型,探究数字普惠金融对个体职业选择的影响。结果发现:(1)数字普惠金融对创业决策和受雇就业决策均存在显著促进作用,但对创业决策促进作用更大并且对非涉农就业决策正向影响作用更大。(2)数字普惠金融对农村及城镇个体选择受雇就业的促进作用更大;相较于男性,对女性受雇者与创业者促进作用更大;相较于老年,对青年受雇者与创业者促进作用更大;相较于低人力资本,对高人力资本受雇者促进作用更大;相较于党员,对非党员受雇者与创业者促进作用更大。本文研究结论为合理利用数字普惠金融影响职业选择、因势利导做好稳就业工作,提供了重要政策参考。

Affected by the downward pressure on the economy and the epidemic,the employment situation in China is relatively severe.Digital inclusive finance in the form of mobile payment,online investment,digital insurance,and online lending has unique advantages of high efficiency,elimination of information asymmetry and low cost by virtue of its online advantages,which not only effectively avoids the phenomenon of people gathering,but also highly matches the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises.At the same time,encouraging the public to start their own businesses also requires financial support,so in the post epidemic era,whether our government can alleviate the severe employment situation and restore economic development,digital inclusive finance will play a crucial role.Therefore,the study on the impact of digital inclusive finance on career choice is crucial.Employment is the most basic livelihood issue,affecting production,consumption,income,import and export and so on,and is the basis for the realization of economic prosperity and development.One of the important micro-expressions of the employment issue is the individual’s career choice.(1)As a supplement to traditional finance,digital inclusive finance can provide convenient and fast financial services for remote and backward places,reduce the cost of local financial services,and thus have a certain impact on the career choice of individuals in remote and backward areas.(2)Digital inclusive finance can assess the risk of small and micro-entrepreneurial enterprises at a lower cost,significantly reducing the financing cost of small and micro-enterprises.(3)Digital inclusive finance,an emerging form of finance,injects fresh blood into innovative activities,thus affecting individuals’career choices.The development of digital finance has become an indispensable component of alleviating the severe employment situation in our country.This article explores the impact of digital finance development on individual occupation choices by the Probit model,combined with the micro data of the CFPS China Social Family Tracking Survey.The results finds that:(1)The empirical test finds that the development of digital inclusive finance has a significant role in promoting entrepreneurial decision-making and employment decision-making,but it has a greater role in promoting entrepreneurial decision-making and has a greater positive impact on non-agricultural employment decision-making.(2)Through the analysis of heterogeneous impact,it can be seen that the development of digital inclusive finance has a greater role in promoting the employment of rural and urban individuals;it has a greater role in promoting female employees and entrepreneurs than male ones;it has a greater role in promoting young employees and entrepreneurs than old ones;it has a greater role in promoting employees with high human capital than with low one;it has a greater role in promoting employees and entrepreneurs who are not Party members than those who are Party members.The research conclusions of this article show that the development of digital inclusive finance is conducive to the recovery of economic development after the epidemic.This study further tries to construct a mathematical model to deeply investigate the theoretical mechanism of digital inclusive finance on career choice.In addition,in terms of empirical analysis,the issues of mediating and moderating effects of digital inclusive finance on career choice can be tested to make this study richer and more complete.