新型无叶粉垄刀具仿真设计研究

Research on Simulation Design of a New Type of Leafless Powder Ridge Cutter

针对粉垄刀具作业功耗和切削阻力大及耕后表层土块大的问题,设计了一种新型无叶(螺旋叶片)刀具,采用SPH法建立3种线型新无叶刀具作业系统仿真模型,进行作业性能对比分析,优选一种线型新刀具,并与原刀具进行对比,且对优选新型无叶刀具作业过程进行分析。研究结果表明:与原粉垄刀具相比,新刀具功耗减少了8.4%,表层土壤破碎度减小了43.3%;新刀具作业后土壤表层破碎度较高,主要是由于新刀具耙齿切出细长条的土块后,土块可受到上层外部刀片和相邻刀具的上层外部刀片交错切削;刀具的切削阻力受外部刀片数量和分布、耙齿的宽度及底刀的结构等因素影响较大。研究结果可为粉垄刀具减阻优化提供理论依据。

In view of the problems of large power consumption and cutting resistance of the powder ridge cutter and large surface soil block after tillage,this paper first designs a new type of leafless(spiral blade)cutter,and then uses SPH method to establish three kinds of linear new leafless cutter operation system simulation models,and carries out comparative analysis of the operation performance.A new type of linear cutter is selected and compared with the original cutter.Finally,the operation process of the new type of leafless cutter is analyzed.The results show that the power consumption of the new cutter is reduced by 8.4%and the surface soil fragmentation is reduced by 43.3%compared with the original powder ridge cutter.The high degree of fragmentation of the soil surface after the operation of the new tool is mainly due to the cross cutting of the upper external blade and the upper external blade of the adjacent tool after the new tool rake teeth cut out the thin and long soil blocks.The cutting resistance of the cutter is greatly affected by the number and distribution of the external inserts,the width of the rake teeth and the structure of the bottom cutter.This paper provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of the drag reduction of the powder ridge cutter.