马铃薯跌落冲击力学试验与分析

Experimental Study and Analysis of Potato Drop Impact Damage

针对马铃薯在收获期间的机械损伤和跌落损伤等问题,通过搭建马铃薯跌落冲击力学测试试验台,开展马铃薯跌落损伤试验。以马铃薯质量、碰撞面倾角、跌落高度为变量,以碰撞力为评价指标,进行三元二次回归正交旋转组合试验,建立了各因素与碰撞力参数指标的影响回归模型。利用Design-Expert13数据软件分析得到变量间多因素交互作用响应图。试验分析结果表明:当碰撞面角度一定时,碰撞力随着马铃薯质量、跌落高度的增加呈上升趋势;而当马铃薯质量、跌落高度为定值时,碰撞力随着碰撞面角度的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势。研究结果可为马铃薯挖掘机薯土分离装置的结构优化提供数据支持和理论依据。

Aiming at the problems of mechanical damage and drop damage of potato during harvest,the drop damage test of potato was carried out by setting up a drop impact mechanical test bench.Taking potato quality,inclination angle of impact surface and drop height as variables and impact force as evaluation index,the orthogonal rotation combination test of three-dimensional quadratic regression was carried out,and the regression model of each factor and impact force parameter index was established.The response diagram of multifactor interaction among variables was obtained by using design expert 13 data software.The experimental results show that when the angle of the impact surface is fixed,the impact force increases with the increase of the potato mass and the drop height,while when the potato mass drop height is fixed,the impact force increases first and then decreases with the increase of the angle of the impact surface.This study lays a foundation for the mechanical damage mechanism of potato during harvesting and the drop damage theory during loading,and provides data support and theoretical basis for the structural optimization of potato soil separation device of potato excavator.