乳中不同形式维生素B_(3)及其代谢物含量的测定与分析

Determination and analysis of different forms of vitamin B_(3) and their metabolites in raw milk

维生素B_(3)及其代谢物是婴儿身体生长和细胞代谢所必需的物质,而不同物种乳中维生素B_(3)的组成尚未明确。本文章采用液质联用法分析了母乳、黑白花牛乳、羊乳、牦牛乳和娟姗牛乳中4种不同形式维生素B_(3)及其代谢物含量。结果表明,5种原料乳中4种维生素B_(3)及代谢物烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD^(+))均有检出,但其含量有显著差异。母乳主要由烟酰胺单核苷酸(NMN)及烟酰胺(NAM)构成,其含量分别为1 779.04 ng/mL和1 613.58 ng/mL;其余4种原料乳主要由NAM及烟酰胺核苷(NR)构成,其中羊乳NAM含量为2 508.39 ng/mL,占比高达96.07%;黑白花牛乳NR457.89 ng/mL,占45.88%。此外,母乳中NAD^(+)的含量显著高于其他原料乳。为婴幼儿生长发育的精准营养调控及配方奶粉中维生素B_(3)添加量及添加形式的研究提供理论依据。

Vitamin B_(3) and its metabolites are crucial for infant body growth and cellular metabolism.However,the composition of vitamin B_(3) in the milk of different species is not clear.In this study,the levels of four different forms of vitamin B_(3) in human milk,safflower cow milk,goat milk,yak milk,and juanshan milk were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The results revealed that four kinds of vitamin B_(3) and the metabolite nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^(+))were detected in five kinds of raw milk,but their contents were significantly different.Breast milk primarily consisted of NMN(1779.04 ng/mL)and NAM(1613.58 ng/mL).The other four types of raw milk mainly contained NAM and NR as their major components;specifically goat's milk had a NAM content of 2508.39 ng/mL(96.07%),while frizzled cow's milk had an NR content of 457.89 ng/mL(45.88%).Additionally,breast milk contained significantly higher levels of NAD^(+)at 1726.75 ng/mL compared to other raw milks.This study aimed to determine the contents and forms of various vitamin B_(3) compounds present in different types of raw milks which can provide a theoretical basis for precise nutritional regulation during infant growth and development as well as determining appropriate amounts/formulations for vitamin B_(3) supplementation in formula.