解读乡村性:中国城乡边界的历史源流、概念迷思与规划政策解析

Decoding Rurality in China:Historicalization,Conceptualization and Planning Policy Analysis of Urban-Rural Boundary

立足乡村振兴,分析城乡之间高度互嵌的面貌,提出中国城乡边界界定与乡村性溯源的思考,将其概括为“城乡边界在哪里”“我们想要什么样的乡村”两个具体问题。结合中国乡村发展历史演进中的过程变迁,认为户籍、税收、治理与土地等4个制度要素是塑造城乡边界的关键。基于此,结合近现代乡村发展制度与政策的分析,引入西方研究中的“乡村性”概念并分析城乡边界在乡村性中的作用与效应;基于历史与理论的对话分析,围绕户籍、税收、治理与土地对中国城乡边界政策展开研究,分别阐释这4个维度在彰显乡村发展本体性、保存乡村风貌原真性中的作用。通过总结城乡边界在乡村规划建设中的效应,以期为中国乡村性的发展提供经验。

With an analysis of the intersected urban-rural landscape in the context of rural revitalization,the definition of urbanrural boundary and the essence of rurality are drawn in for reflection,which are summarized as twofold enquiry:Where is the urban-rural boundary?What kind of countryside do we desire?With a review of the evolution of China's countryside,it is believed that household registration,taxing,governance,and land are the four key factors in the shaping of urban-rural boundary.With an analysis of rural development system and policy in modern times,the effects of urban-rural boundary are studied introducing the concept of"rurality"in western lexicon.Based on a dialogue between history and theory,China's urban-rural boundary policy analysis is carried out from the four dimensions of household registration,taxing,governance,and land.The functioning of the four factors in the manifestation of rural essence and the preservation of rural authenticity is also elucidated.The effects of urban-rural boundary in rural planning provide a reference for the evolution of China's rurality.