牙源性干细胞在周围神经损伤再生中的研究进展

Research progress of dental stem cells in peripheral nerve injury regeneration

施万细胞在周围神经损伤(PNI)发生后的华勒氏变性中表现出很强的可塑性,激活成为修复型施万细胞,进行清除髓鞘碎片和引导轴突再生等重要修复过程。干细胞因其具有自我更新、多能分化能力和免疫系统调节等特性,故使用干细胞诱导定向分化为该种修复型施万细胞的治疗策略表现出极大的潜力。而牙源性干细胞(DSCs)较其余干细胞有着易于获取、微创性和可忽略的伦理问题等明显优势,本文就近年来各类型牙源性干细胞在PNI再生过程中表现出的定向分化、分泌营养因子、基因调节等作用展开综述。

Schwann cells show strong plasticity in Wallerian degeneration after peripheral nerve injury(PNI).They activate into repair schwann cells to clear myelin debris and guide axon regeneration and other important repair processes.Stem cells have the characteristics of self-renewal,multipotent differentiation and immune system regulation,so the therapeutic strategy of using stem cells to induce directional differentiation into this kind of repair schwann cells shows great potential.Odontogenic stem cells(DSCs)have obvious advantages over other stem cells,such as easy access,minimally invasive and negligible ethical issues.This article reviews the directional differentiation,secretion of nutritional factors and gene regulation of various types of odontogenic stem cells in the process of peripheral nerve injury and regeneration in recent years.