电控热致变色涂层涤纶织物的制备与性能

Preparation and properties of electrothermochromic coated polyester fabrics

采用喷涂法分别将热致变色微胶囊/水性聚氨酯涂料、银纳米线分散液喷涂到涤纶织物正反面,制得电控热致变色涂层织物,研究变色涂料配比和喷涂工艺对变色涂料分散性、黏度、变色性能及涂层织物电热变色性能的影响。结果表明:当变色涂料中变色微胶囊、聚氨酯与去离子水的质量比为7.2∶80.0∶11.8时,变色涂料黏度适中、微胶囊分散均匀,有利于喷涂加工;水性聚氨酯的加入使涂料升温过程中的变色响应温度升高,但对降温过程中的颜色恢复显色温度影响较小;随着变色涂料喷涂次数的增加,织物变色温度升高,最大色差变大;随着银纳米线分散液喷涂次数的增加,织物在相同电压下的电热温度升高,达到变色温度所需的外加电压减小;当银纳米线分散液喷涂次数为8时,电热变色织物在外加电压为3 V时颜色迅速由黄色变为无色,实现了良好的电控主动变色效果。

Thermochromic microcapsules/waterborne polyurethane(WPU)coating and silver nanowires(Ag NWs)dispersion were sprayed onto the front and back sides of polyester fabrics by spraying,and the electrothermochromic coated fabrics were prepared.The dispersion,viscosity,and color change performance of the color change coatings as well as the electrothermochromic performance of the coated fabrics were investigated in the ratio of color change coatings and under the conditions of different spraying processes.The results show that when the mass ratio of the thermochromic microcapsules,WPU and deionized water in the coating is 7.2∶80.0∶11.8,the viscosity of the color-changing coating is moderate,and the microcapsules are dispersed uniformly,which is conducive to the spraying process.The addition of WPU raised the temperature of the color change response during heating of the coating,but had a relatively minor impact on the temperature for color recovery during cooling.With the increase in the number of times of spraying of the thermochromic coating,the color-change temperature of the fabrics increased,and the maximum color difference became larger.With the increase in the number of times of spraying of Ag NWs dispersion,the electrothermal temperatures of the fabrics increased under the same voltage.When the number of spraying times of Ag NWs dispersion was 8,the color of the electrothermochromic fabric rapidly changed from yellow to colorless when the at an applied voltage of 3 V,which achieved a good electrically-controlled active color change.