面向低轨卫星的星地信道模型综述

Survey of Satellite-ground Channel Models for Low Earth Orbit Satellites

低轨卫星(LEO)具备通信时延低、部署成本低、覆盖范围广的特点,已经成为了建设未来空天地一体化网络的重要组成部分。然而卫星通信中端到端传播距离长、经历衰落复杂、终端移动速度快,其信道特性与地面蜂窝网络信道具有很大差异。基于此,为了对低轨卫星星地信道特性以及信道模型有较为全面的认识,该文总结了目前国际标准组织对星地信道的标准化进展,讨论了星地信道在不同传播位置处的衰落特性,根据建模方法对已有的重要信道模型进行了划分与阐述,最后对未来的工作提出了展望。

Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite has the characteristics of low communication delay,low deployment cost and wide coverage,and has become an important part of the construction of the future space earth integrated network.However,satellite communication has large end-to-end propagation distance,complex fading and fast terminal movement speed,thus the channel characteristics are very different from the terrestrial cellular network.Based on this,in order to have a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics and channel model of LEO satellite-ground channel,the current standardization progress of the satellite-ground channel by the international standards organization are summarized,the fading characteristics of the satellite ground channel at different propagation positions are discussed,the existing important channel models are classified and shown according to the modeling method,and finally the prospects for future work are proposed.