南涧县烟区土壤肥力状况综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Fertility in Tobacco Growing Areas of Nanjian County

为了全面分析南涧县植烟土壤肥力状况,以7个乡镇469个代表性植烟土壤的理化指标为基础数据,通过主成分分析法,计算了各个土壤养分指标的权重,并估算出土壤肥力综合指标值(IFI),对南涧县植烟土壤的肥力状况进行了全面评价。结果表明,全县土壤样本IFI加权平均值为0.70,达到Ⅱ级,土壤肥力总体水平较高,但不同乡镇间土壤肥力差异较大;南涧县烟区有机质、全磷、全钾、有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙镁、有效硫、有效锌、有效锰较为丰富,适宜烤烟的种植,而有效钼含量普遍偏低,可能是影响南涧县整体烟叶质量的限制因子,需要当地烟草技术人员重视钼肥的科学施用;南涧县7个乡镇间小湾东镇综合土壤肥力最高,最适宜烤烟种植,其次是拥翠乡、宝华镇、无量山镇、碧溪乡、乐秋乡,均是Ⅱ级,南涧镇肥力最低,IFI值仅为0.56,为Ⅲ级。总之,南涧县整体适宜烤烟种植,但各乡镇肥力差异较大,在烤烟生产过程中需因地制宜,科学施肥,科学管理,稳步提高土壤质量,从而推动烟草品质的提升和烟草产业的可持续发展。

In order to comprehensively analyze the status of soil fertility of tobacco planting soil in Nanjian County,based on the physical and chemical indicators of 469 representative tobacco planting soils in 7 townships,the weight of each soil nutrient indicator was calculated through the principal component analysis method,and the comprehensive index value(IFI)of soil fertility was estimated,and the fertility status of tobacco planting soil in Nanjian County was comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that the average IFI of soil samples in the whole county was 0.70,reaching Grade II.The overall level of soil fertility was high,but there was a large difference in soil fertility among different towns;organic matter,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,available potassium,exchangeable calcium magnesium,available sulfur,available zinc,and available manganese were relatively abundant in the tobacco area of Nanjian County,making it suitable for tobacco cultivation.However,the available molybdenum content was generally low,which may be a limiting factor affecting the overall quality of tobacco leaves in Nanjian County.Local tobacco technicians need to pay attention to the scientific application of molybdenum fertilizer.Among the seven townships in Nanjian County,Xiaowandong Town had the highest comprehensive soil fertility,which was most suitable for flue-cured tobacco planting,followed by Yongcui Township,Baohua Town,Wuliangshan Town,Bixi Township and Leqiu Township,which were all Grade II.Nanjian Town has the lowest fertility,with an IFI value of 0.56,which is Grade III.Nanjian County is generally suitable for tobacco cultivation,but there were significant differences in fertility among different townships.In the tobacco production process,it was necessary to adapt to local conditions,scientifically fertilize and manage,and steadily improve soil quality,thereby promoting the improvement of tobacco quality and the sustainable development of the tobacco industry.