空间形态分异特征下的湖南县乡村三级养老服务体系构建研究

Research on the Construction of Eldercare Service System at County-Township-Village Levels in Hunan Province Under the Characteristics of Spatial Morphological Differentiation

基于空间形态分析特征理论,通过对湖南省常德市石门县养老服务体系的调查研究,立足于县域农村偏远山区高寒贫瘠、人居分散、交通闭塞等环境特点,通过ArcGIS进行POI空间分析,运用核密度分析对石门县养老设施数据进行空间可视化表达,挖掘湖南地区空间形态环境特征与农村养老服务体系之间的耦合规律,探析县域、乡镇、农村社区和社区居民等行动主体推进农村养老服务体系再构的互动过程。研究发现:农村养老服务体系再构是一个复杂的动态过程,受到地理空间环境、人文风俗等的影响,需从宏观-中观-微观3个层面分析和完善县乡村养老服务等级结构,根据县乡村三级养老服务体系的梯度差异选择合理的养老模式,从而健全各尽其责的多层次养老服务格局,实现县乡村三级养老服务体系的有效衔接。

Based on the theory of spatial form analysis characteristics,this paper investigated and studied the elderly care service system of Shimen County,Changde City,Hunan Province.Based on the environmental characteristics of the remote rural areas in the county,such as high cold and barren,dispersed human settlements,and blocked traffic,this paper conducted POI spatial analysis through Arc GIS and applied nuclear density analysis to visualize the data of elderly care facilities in Shimen County.The coupling law between the characteristics of the spatial form environment and the rural old-age service system in Hunan is explored,and the interactive process of the reconstruction of the rural old-age service system promoted by the action subjects such as counties,townships,rural communities and community residents is explored.The study found:The reconstruction of the rural elderly care service system is a complex dynamic process,which is affected by the geographical space environment and human customs,etc.It is necessary to analyze and improve the hierarchical structure of the county and rural elderly care service from the three levels of macro-,mesoscopic-and micro,and select a reasonable old-age service model according to the gradient difference of the three-level county and rural elderly care service system,so as to improve the multi-level old-age service pattern in which each fulfill his responsibilities.To realize the effective connection of the three-level elderly care service system in the village.