陕甘宁边区参议会制度的调整(1940—1942)

Adjustments to the Senate System in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region(1940-1942)

从1940年酝酿到1941年11月召开陕甘宁边区第二届参议会,按照民主集中制原则,陕甘宁边区参议会制度在法律上完成第一次重大调整,边区、县参议会大幅度扩增权力,确实承担起立法、议政、监督同级政府的职能。同时,边区实行“三三制”,吸收大量党外人士进入各级参议会,扩大民主的基础。但因受多种因素影响,边区参议会扩权自有限度,实践中也呈现复杂而矛盾的样态。1942年底,边区参议会制度开启新一轮调整乃至重构。

From the deliberations in 1940 to the convening of the Second Session of the Senate in November 1941,with adherence to the principle of democratic centralism,the senate system in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region underwent its first significant adjustment.The powers of the regional and county senates were legally expanded,thereby assuming the functions of legislation,deliberation,and supervision over the governments at the same level.Concurrently,the region implemented the“three-thirds system,”incorporating a large number of non-party members into the senate at various levels and thereby broadening the democratic base.However,due to various factors,there were limits to the expansion of the powers of the border region senates,and,in practice,these adjustments presented a complex and contradictory pattern.By the end of 1942,the senate system in the border region had embarked on a new round of adjustments and even restructuring.