困境与调适:皖南事变后新四军南进战略研究

Dilemmas and Adjustments:A Study of the New Fourth Army’s Southward Strategy after the Southern Anhui Incident

皖南事变前,新四军被赋予发展华中的战略任务,发展方向由江南转向苏北。事变后江南新四军遭受重创,但并未放弃对江南的经营,苏南、皖南与浙东均有新四军的活动。新四军在南进过程中遭到日伪军与国民党的双重阻击,迟迟未能在江南开创稳定局面。至1944年前后,伴随发展战略的新一轮调整,新四军得以大规模南进至苏南与浙江,直至抗战结束。新四军南进过程中的种种调适,反映了中共在战争环境下以抗战大局为重的态度与高超的战略智慧。

Before the Southern Anhui Incident,the New Fourth Army was tasked with the strategic mission of developing Central China,with a focus shifting from Jiangnan to Northern Jiangsu.Following the incident,the New Fourth Army in Jiangnan suffered heavy losses but it did not abandon its operations in Jiangnan and it carried out activities in Southern Jiangsu,Southern Anhui,and Eastern Zhejiang.During its southward advance,the New Fourth Army faced dual resistance from the Japanese puppet forces as well as from the Kuomintang,thus delaying the enforcement of stability in Jiangnan.In about 1944,and until the end of the war,with a new round of strategic adjustments,the New Fourth Army successfully expanded southward to Southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang on a large scale.The various adjustments made during the New Fourth Army’s southward advance were a reflection of the CPC placing a priority on the overall situation in the War of Resistance and of its adept strategic wisdom during the wartime conditions.