银行业市场结构对居民消费的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Banking Market Structure on Residents’Consumption

基于人口和商业银行分支机构的空间分布,构建了经人口分布调整后的银行业市场结构指标,并将其在地级市层面与中国家庭收入调查相匹配,实证考察了区域银行业市场结构与微观家庭消费之间的关系。研究发现:竞争性的银行业市场结构有利于促进居民消费,且银行业竞争对城镇居民消费的促进作用更为明显,但银行业的竞争程度对促进居民消费的作用是边际递减的;银行业市场结构的集中度下降通过提高地区信贷市场中的信贷供给量,进而增加区域内家庭创业、就业机会,最终促进居民消费。因此,深化银行业市场化改革、优化银行竞争结构、支持区域银行业金融机构的发展,有利于培育和完善促进消费的体制机制,推动经济的高质量发展。

Based on the spatial distribution of population and branches of commercial banks,this paper constructs a demographically adjusted index of banking market structure,and matches it with China Household Income Survey at the prefecture-level city level,and empirically examines the relationship between regional banking market structure and microscopic residents’consumption.The study finds that the competitive market structure of the banking industry is conducive to promoting residents’consumption.The promoting effect on urban household consumption of competition in the banking industry is more obvious,but the effect of the degree of competition in the banking is decreasing.The decrease in concentration of the banking market structure increases the credit supply in the regional credit market,therefore increasing the opportunities for family entrepreneurship and employment within the region,and ultimately promoting residents’consumption.Therefore,deepening the market-oriented reform of the banking industry,improving the degree of competition in the banking industry,and improving the financial market system are conducive to cultivating and perfecting the institutional mechanism of consumption,ultimately promoting high-quality economic development.