南京市大气颗粒物中重金属的健康与生态风险评价

Health and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in atmospheric particulate matter in Nanjing

大气颗粒物中的重金属不仅污染生态而且影响着人体健康,其化学形态和生物有效性对于评价健康和生态风险具有重要意义。对比探究了南京市工业区和市区细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))的生物有效性和总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)的生态风险,基于2016―2017年采集的工业区和市区的PM_(2.5)和TSP样品,分析了样品中Pb、Cd、Mn、Cu等元素。结果表明:(1)PM_(2.5)中Cd具有较高的生物可给性,对人体健康有较大的威胁,应严格控制其排放;(2)工业区TSP的重金属平均污染程度高于市区,其中Cd和Pb元素处于极强生态危害等级。

Heavy metals in atmospheric particulate matter not noly pollute the ecology but also affect human health.Therefore,their chemical form and bioavailability are of great significance for the evaluation of health and ecological risks.To compare and explore the bioavailability of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and the ecological risk assessment of the total suspended particulates(TSP)in industrial areas and urban areas of Nanjing,China,PM_(2.5)and TSP samples were collected separetely from an industrial area and an urban area from 2016 to 2017,and elements such as Pb,Cd,Mn,Cu were analyzed in the samples.The results show that:(1)Cd in PM_(2.5)has high bioavailability and is a greater threat to human health,indicating that its emissions should be strictly controlled,(2)the average heavy metal pollution degree of TSP in the industrial area is higher than that in the urban area,with Cd and Pb elements at an extremely strong ecological hazard level.