聊城市6种市售蔬菜中26种元素含量调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of 26 Elements in 6 Kinds of Vegetables in Liaocheng City

目的:调查聊城市市售6种蔬菜中元素含量水平,评估其重金属污染状况。方法:于2023年采集聊城市市售6种蔬菜,经微波消解法进行前处理,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪和冷原子吸收测汞仪测定蔬菜中26种元素含量,同时利用单因子污染指数法和Nemerow综合指数法评估蔬菜中重金属污染水平。结果:不同蔬菜中元素含量差异较大,菠菜中元素含量整体水平明显高于其他蔬菜,芹菜次之,黄瓜最低。蔬菜中含量较高的元素为钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、铝。不同蔬菜中元素含量高低排序略有不同。菠菜中重金属检出率较高,且铅、铬超标,其他蔬菜中重金属检出含量均符合国家限量值要求。6种蔬菜的重金属污染等级均处于安全状态,综合污染指数最高的是菠菜(0.370),其次是芹菜(0.140),最低的是圆白菜(0.079)。结论:聊城市市售的6种蔬菜中重金属含量整体处于安全状态。菠菜中重金属富集污染情况应引起相关人员的关注。

Objective:To investigate the content of elements in 6 kinds of vegetables in Liaocheng city and assess the heavy metal pollution status.Method:In 2023,6 kinds of vegetables were collected from Liaocheng city and pre-treated by microwave digestion method.The contents of 26 elements in vegetables were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer and cold atomic absorption mercury meter.Meanwhile,the pollution level of heavy metals in vegetables was evaluated by single factor pollution index method and Nemerow composite index method.Result:The content of elements in different vegetables was significantly different.The overall level of element content in spinach was significantly higher than that of other vegetables,followed by celery and the lowest in cucumber.The most abundant elements in vegetables are potassium,sodium,calcium,magnesium,iron,and aluminum.The order of element content in different vegetables is slightly different.The detection rate of heavy metals in spinach was high,and the lead and chromium exceeded the standard.The detected content of heavy metals in other vegetables met the requirements of the national limit value.The heavy metal pollution levels of the six vegetables were all in a safe state,and the comprehensive pollution index was the highest in spinach(0.370),followed by celery(0.140),and the lowest in cabbage(0.079).Conclusion:The content of heavy metals in 6 kinds of vegetables sold in Liaocheng city is safe.The concentration and contamination of heavy metals in spinach should be concerned by relevant personnel.