2021-2023年胶东沿海某地区农村饮用水氟化物监测分析与健康风险评价

Fluoride Monitoring Analysis and Health Risk Assessment in a Coastal Area of Shandong Province from 2021 to 2023

目的:通过对胶东沿海某地区2021-2023年农村饮用水氟化物浓度进行监测分析,了解当地农村饮用水水质情况,评估饮用水中氟化物对人体的健康风险。方法:采用《生活饮用水标准检验方法无机非金属指标》(GB/T 5750.5-2006)中离子色谱法进行饮用水中氟化物测定,根据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)及US EPA所提出的环境卫生危险性评估模型对检测结论进行评估。结果:2021-2023年共检测农村饮用水水样1695份,1629份合格,合格率为96.11%。3年间氟化物含量差异有统计学意义(F=3.988,p<0.05)。2021-2023年水中氟化物对成人和儿童的健康风险值分别为2.38×10^(-9) a^(-1)和4.76×10^(-9) a^(-1),2.78×10^(-9) a^(-1)和5.55×10^(-9) a^(-1),3.27×10^(-9) a^(-1)和6.54×10^(-9) a^(-1),所有水样的健康风险值均小于1.0×10^(-5) a^(-1)。结论:该地区农村饮用水中氟化物浓度总体较低,合格率较高。对于健康风险而言,地下水高于地表水、分散式供水高于集中式供水、儿童高于成人。总体来讲,该地区处于低风险范围。

Objective:To monitor and analyze the concentration of fluoride in rural drinking water in a coastal area of Jiaodong from 2021 to 2023,to understand the quality of drinking water in rural areas,and to assess the health risk of fluoride in drinking water to human health.Method:GB/T 5750.5-2006 ion chromatography was used for the determination of fluoride in drinking water,and the detection conclusions were evaluated according to the environmental health risk assessment model proposed by GB 5749-2006 and US EPA.Result:From 2021 to 2023,a total of 1695 rural drinking water samples were tested,and 1629 were qualified,with a pass rate of 96.11%.There was a statistically significant difference in fluoride content during the three years(F=3.988,p<0.05).From 2021 to 2023,the health risk values of fluoride in water to adults and children were 2.38×10^(-9) a^(-1) and 4.76×10^(-9) a^(-1),2.78×10^(-9) a^(-1) and 5.55×10^(-9) a^(-1),3.27×10^(-9) a^(-1)and 6.54×10^(-9) a^(-1),respectively,and the health risk values of all water samples were less than 1.0×10^(-5) a^(-1).Conclusion:The concentration of fluoride in rural drinking water in this region is generally low,and the pass rate is high.In terms of health risks,groundwater is higher than surface water,decentralized water supply is higher than centralized water supply,and children are higher than adults.Overall,the region is in the low-risk zone.