突发公共事件中的集体智慧研究——以在线“互助文档”为例

Research on Collective Wisdom in Public Emergencies:Taking Online Mutual Aid Documents as An Example

[目的/意义]处理突发公共事件的所有阶段都需要高效的信息交流来支持准确的决策和及时的行动,而互助文档作为一种汇聚集体智慧的信息交流方式,对其进行研究可为今后突发事件提供借鉴,更好帮助政府参与应急响应。[方法/过程]以互助文档为研究对象,运用了Suran等人提出的通用集体智慧理论框架来系统地研究此框架在应用于互助文档时的适用性,分析了互助文档在应对突发事件时存在的潜在问题。[结果/结论]通用集体智慧框架具有比较高的适用性,但在突发公共事件的背景下还应将反应速度融入框架之中,同时互助文档在应对突发事件时也存在隐私和信息鸿沟等的问题,需要政府等官方组织及时参与。

[Purpose/significance]In all stages of dealing with public emergencies,it needs efficient information exchange to support accurate decision-making and timely action.Mutual aid documents,as a way of information exchange that gathers collective wisdom,can provide reference for future emergencies and better help the government to participate in emergency response.[Method/process]Taking mutual aid documents as the research object,this paper uses the general collective wisdom theory framework proposed by Suran etal.to systematically study the applicability of this framework in the application of mutual aid documents,and analyzes the potential problems of mutual aid documents in responding to emergencies.[Result/conclusion]The general collective intelligence framework has relatively high applicability,but in the context of public emergencies,the response speed should also be integrated into the framework.At the same time,mutual aid documents have problems such as privacy and information gap when dealing with emergencies,which requires the timely participation of official organizations such as the government.