米玛斯与银王鸽种蛋发育规律及乳鸽生长发育规律的对比分析

Comparative analysis of the egg development pattern and the squab growth anddevelopment pattern of Mimas and Silver King pigeons

米玛斯白鸽与银羽王鸽均属大型肉鸽品种,在我国养殖规模较大.为深入了解二者的生产潜力与差异,本试验随机选取米玛斯与银王鸽种蛋各100枚进行人工孵化,记录蛋形指数,孵化期每日记录蛋质量,每日破蛋观察孵化期胚胎发育情况.乳鸽出壳后将分别交由对应种鸽哺育,记录哺乳期乳鸽体质量和外貌变化.结果显示,米玛斯种蛋的蛋质量、蛋长以及蛋形指数显著大于银王鸽种蛋(P<0.01).孵化期第0~17天米玛斯种蛋与银王鸽种蛋蛋质量均呈现下降趋势.孵化期第0~17天米玛斯与银王鸽胚胎生长发育进程无明显差异,但孵化期第17 d银王鸽胚胎蛋黄吸收程度低于米玛斯胚胎.乳鸽体质量记录结果显示,哺乳期第2天和第5天米玛斯乳鸽体质量显著高于银王鸽乳鸽(P<0.05),但哺乳期第16~20天银王鸽乳鸽体质量却显著高于米玛斯乳鸽(P<0.05).乳鸽外貌观察结果显示,哺乳期第4天银王鸽乳鸽皮肤出现黑色素沉积,与米玛斯乳鸽外观出现明显差异,且哺乳期第14~20天的银王鸽乳鸽羽毛发育和覆盖程度优于米玛斯乳鸽.综上所述,米玛斯与银王鸽的繁殖性能和生长性能各具优势,其中由于米玛斯鸽蛋更大,具有较好的蛋用潜力,而银王鸽乳鸽后期生长速度快,羽毛附着高,更适合用作肉用.此外,可根据生产需求将米玛斯和银王鸽与不同优势品种杂交,培育新型肉鸽品种.该研究为进一步开发米玛斯和银王鸽的生产潜力以及新品种培育提供了基础支撑数据.

The Mimas pigeon and the Silver King pigeon are both large meat pigeon breeds with a large breeding scale in China.In order to understand the production potential and differences between the two breeds,100 breeding eggs of Mimas and Silver King pigeons were randomly selected for artificial incubation.The egg shape index was recorded.The egg weights were recorded and then the eggs were broken to observe the development of the embryos every day during the incubation period.When the pigeons came out of their shells,they were fed by the corresponding pigeonbreeder,and the weight and appearance of the squabs were recorded during the lactation.The results showed that the egg weight,egg length and egg shape index of Mimas eggs were significantly higher than those of Silver King pigeon eggs(P<0.01).Egg weights of Mimas and Silver King pigeon eggs showed a decreasing trend from the 0th to 17th day of incubation.There was no significant difference in the growth and development process of Mimas and Silver King pigeon embryos from 0-17 d of incubation,but the yolk absorption of Silver King pigeon embryos was lower than that of Mimas embryos on the 17th day of incubation.The recorded body weights of squabs showed that the body weights of Mimas were significantly higher than that of Silver King pigeons on the 2nd and 5th day of lactation(P<0.05),but the body weights of Silver King pigeons were significantly higher than those of Mimason at the 16th to 20th day of lactation(P<0.05).The external appearance of the squabs showed that the skin of the Silver King pigeons showed melanin deposition on the 4th day of lactation,which was significantly different from the appearance of the Mimas,and the Silver King pigeons on the 14th to 20th day of lactation had better feather development and coverage than the Mimas.In summary,the breeding and growth performance of the Mimas and Silver King pigeons have their own advantages,The Mimas having a better egg potential due to its larger egg size,while the Silver King pigeon has a faster growth rate in the later stages of lactation period,the Silver King pigeon is with higher feather attachment,which make it more suitable for meat use.In addition,the Mimas and Silver King pigeons can be crossbred according to the production needs to produce new meat pigeon breeds.This study provides basic data for the further development of the production potential of Mimas and Silver King pigeons and the breeding of new varieties.