深圳大梅沙海岸森林植物群落特征研究

Study on the characteristics of forest plant community inDameisha Coast of Shenzhen City

了解植物资源现状对当地植物的群落组成、结构特征及变化趋势具有重要意义.本文以深圳大梅沙海岸森林植物群落为研究对象,基于样方法、χ^(2)检验和主成分分析法揭示大梅沙海岸森林植物的群落特征.结果表明:4400 m^(2)样方内共有维管植物83科172属228种;其中,被子植物74科162属211种,裸子植物2科2属3种,蕨类植物7科8属14种;物种丰富度指数为灌木层>乔木层>草本层;鹅掌柴(Heptapleurum heptaphyllum)和华润楠(Machilus chinensis)为主要建群种;九节(Psychotria asiatica)、山麦冬(Liriope spicata)分别为灌木层和草本层的明显优势种;乔木层的中小径级(DBH<20 cm)占比高,群落成层现象不明显;群落外貌表现为亚热带常绿阔叶林;乔木层优势种间总体联结性呈不显著正联结,群落稳定性较低.大梅沙风景区海岸森林植物群落不稳定,部分区域受到人为干扰,为了促进海岸森林植被的建设,建议结合林相改造,选择乡土优势种,如华润楠、山乌桕(Triadica cochinchinensis)等.

Understanding the current situation of plant resources is of great significance to the community composition,structural characteristics and change trend of local plants.This paper used the forest plant community on the coast of Dameisha,Shenzhen as the research object.Based on sample method,χ^(2)test and principal component analysis method,the community characteristics of Dameisha coastal forest plants were revealed.The results show that there are 172 genera and 228 species of 83 vascular plants in the sample area of 4400 m^(2);of which there are 162 genera of angiosperms,211 species in 74 families,2 genera and 3 species of gymnosperms,and 14 species in 7 families of ferns.The species richness index is shrub layer>tree layer>herbal layer Schefflera rubriflora and Machilus chinensis are the main group species.Psychotria asiatica and Liriope spicata are dominant species in the shrub layer and herb layer,respectively.The proportion of the middle path level(DBH<20 cm)is high,and the phenomenon of community stratified formation is not obvious.The appearance of the community is a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest.The overall connection among dominant species of the tree layer is not significantly positively connected,and the community stability is low.The coastal forest plant community in Damesa Scenic Area is unstable,and some areas are man-madely disturbed.In order to promote the construction of coastal forest vegetation,it is recommended to combine forest phase transformation and local advantageous species planting,such as Machilus chinensis,Triadica cochinchinensis and so on.