通勤时耗、通勤方式及通勤活动对通勤享受的影响

Impact of Commute Time,Commute Modes,and Commute Activities on Commuting Enjoyment

通勤享受是衡量通勤积极效用的要素,是对现有通勤出行研究的重要补充。以通勤时耗、通勤方式及通勤活动3项重要指标作为研究对象设计通勤出行调查问卷,基于北京、上海、广州、深圳4个城市709份有效问卷数据研究对通勤享受的影响。使用SPSS 26.0软件和R语言4.1.3版对通勤享受量表进行信效度分析,并采用二次项回归和协方差分析进行不同群体通勤享受的差异检验。结果表明:通勤享受量表具有良好的信效度,通勤时耗与通勤享受存在非线性相关关系,通勤时耗约为29.5 min时通勤享受水平最高;不同通勤方式间通勤享受水平差异并不显著,步行和自行车出行并没有显示具有更高的通勤享受水平;相比于只进行通勤出行本身,在通勤过程中进行休闲娱乐活动能够显著提升通勤享受水平。最后,建议通过推进职住平衡、提高交通服务效率、改善通勤出行环境等措施改善通勤交通出行条件,以提高通勤享受水平、促进城市交通良性发展。

Commuting enjoyment is pivotal in evaluating the positive utility derived from commute activities and serves as a significant complement to the current research on commuting travel.Employing commute time,commute modes,and commute activities as primary research indicators,this paper presents a comprehensive commuting questionnaire.Drawing upon 709 valid questionnaire responses gathered from four cities—Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Shenzhen—the paper examines the impact on commuting enjoyment.SPSS 26.0 and R language version 4.1.3 are used to assess the reliability and validity of the commuting enjoyment scale.Furthermore,quadratic regression and covariance analysis are conducted to examine the differences in commuting enjoyment across diverse demographic segments.The results suggest solid reliability and validity of the commuting enjoyment scale.A non-linear relationship between commute time and commuting enjoyment is found,with the peak level of enjoyment recorded at approximately 29.5 minutes of commute time.However,no significant disparities in commuting enjoyment are found among various commuting modes;walking nor cycling doesn't suggest higher enjoyment levels.Compared to commuting alone,engaging in leisure activities during the commute significantly improves the commuting enjoyment.In conclusion,the paper recommends the improvement of commuting conditions to increase commuting enjoyment and promote healthy urban transportation development by fostering job-housing balance,improving travel service efficiency,and enhancing the overall commuting environment.