少捕慎诉慎押刑事司法政策的应然逻辑与实践路径

Out-to-be Logic and Practice Path of the Criminal Justice Policy of Less Arrest,Cautious Prosecution and Detention

少捕慎诉慎押刑事司法政策之提出,契合多元综合社会治理理念,体现强化公民人权保障、理性防控犯罪、减少社会对抗、促进社会和谐的司法治理逻辑。对少捕慎诉慎押刑事司法政策的贯彻,在实践层面还存在取保候审适用范围不明确,保证金形式单一,指定居所监视居住最长期限过长,罪犯漏罪或新罪将使其原减刑裁定失效,相对不起诉适用范围过小,出罪免刑机制不足等问题。因此,需要在制度层面逐步扩大取保候审适用范围和明确其判断位序,增加其他财产类保证金形式,分阶段平均缩短指定居所监视居住最长期限,特定条件下维持罪犯原减刑裁定效力,扩张相对不起诉适用范围至三年以下有期徒刑及以下刑罚,拓宽出罪免刑机制等,以充分释放少捕慎诉慎押刑事司法政策的政策效能。

The proposal of a criminal justice policy of less arrests,prudent prosecutions and detention is in line with the concept of pluralistic and comprehensive social governance,reflecting the logic of judicial governance of strengthening the protection of citizens’human rights,preventing and controlling crime rationally,reducing social confrontation and promoting social harmony.The implementation of the criminal justice policy of less arrest,cautious prosecution and detention has the dilemma at the practical level,such as unclear scope of application of bail pending trial,single form of deposit,too long maximum term of residential surveillance at designated residence,the failure of the original commutation order resulted from the omitted crime or the new crime,too small scope of application of relative non-prosecution,and insufficient mechanism for exemption from punishment.Therefore,the policy efficacy of the criminal justice policy of less arrest,cautious prosecution and detention could be released at the institutional level through expanding the scope of application of bail pending trial and clarifying its judgment order,increasing other forms of property-typed deposits,shortening the maximum period of residential surveillance in designated residence on average in different stages,maintaining the effectiveness of the original commutation decision of the criminal under certain conditions,expanding the scope of application of relative non-prosecution to imprisonment of less than 3 years and less penalties,increasing the mechanism of exemption from punishment and so on.