交警非现场执法行为的程序合法性审查:挑战与回应

Review of Procedural Legitimacy of Off-site Law Enforcement Behavior of Traffic Police:Challenges and Responses

作为自动化行政的典型实践,交警非现场执法行为引起广泛关注。交警非现场执法行为具有显著特色,窗口执法、线上执法、街头执法三种模式于实践中形成,其具备较高程度的自动化水平,但也伴随着“算法黑箱”与“技术悖论”的挑战。在此基础上,文章主张建构交警非现场执法行为的程序合法性审查模式,以适应数字化时代权利保障要求。在初步形成的规范体系下,法院需要明晰“调查取证-预告知-作出处罚决定”的审查范围,坚持技术性正当程序原则,提升程序合法性审查强度,在特定情形中引入算法解释权,注重以人为核心的正当程序理念。

As a typical practice of automated administration,off-site law enforcement behavior of traffic police has attracted wide attention,and the review of procedural legality is in trouble.Traffic police off-site law enforcement behavior has significant characteristics.The three modes of window law enforcement,online law enforcement,street law enforcement are formed in practice,which has a high degree of automation,but accompanied by challeges of“algorithmic black box”and“technological paradox”.Based on this,the paper proposes to construct a review model of procedural legality of off-site law enforcement behavior of traffic police to adapt to the requirements of rights protection in the digital era.Under the preliminary normative system,the court needs to clarify the scope of review of“investigation and evidence collection-notice in advance-penalty decision”,adhere to the principle of technical due process,enhance the intensity of review of procedural legality,introduce the right of algorithmic interpretation in specific cases,and focus on the concept of human-centered due process.