美国情报审讯的发展演变及其借鉴

The Development and Evolution of American’s Intelligence Interrogation and Its Reference

情报审讯是一种获取有关国家利益、国家安全和恐怖活动情报的重要人力情报收集方式。美国作为世界情报强国,总结其情报审讯的发展历程和经验教训,可为我国情报审讯工作提供镜鉴。文章通过对具体史实、政策方针和指导文件等的梳理发现,美国情报审讯在历次冲突、冷战和反恐战争中不断进行政策调整和制度改革,逐渐形成以战地手册为指导、以建立融洽关系为特点的情报审讯模式。美国情报审讯的发展演变表明,情报审讯应动态服务于国家利益与国家安全的战略需求,始终坚守合法原则和道德底线,与时俱进推动审讯的理念进步与方法革新。

Intelligence interrogation is an important method for obtaining information related to national interests,national security,and terrorism with manpower.As an intelligence power in the world,it is referable for our intelligence interrogation to summarize the development history and experiences of American intelligence interrogation.Through sorting out historical facts,policies,and guiding documents,it was found that American intelligence interrogation had undergone continuous adjustments of policy and institutional reforms in several conflicts,the Cold War,and the war against terror,gradually forming an intelligence interrogation model guided by the Field Manual and characterized by developing harmonic relationship.The development and evolution of American intelligence interrogation indicate that intelligence interrogation should dynamically serve the strategic needs of national interests and security,always adhere to the principle of legality and moral bottom line,and keep up with the times to promote the interrogation concepts development and methods innovation.