滇魔芋与南蛇棒种间杂交种的遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Hybrids between Amorphophallus Yunnanensis and Amorphophallus Dunnii

由于魔芋葡甘聚糖在食品、医药等方面的重要价值,魔芋属(Amorphophallus)物种发展为我国西南地区重要的经济作物.为加快优质魔芋杂交种质资源的应用,通过简单重复序列(SSR)标记对滇魔芋(A.yunnanensis)、南蛇棒(A.dunnii)及其杂交种进行了基因分型,并评估了杂交种的遗传多样性,鉴定了杂交种与亲本的亲缘关系.研究结果显示,滇魔芋和杂交种的等位基因数最高,为1.750;而南蛇棒的Shannon指数(I)、表观杂合度(Ho)和预期杂合度(He)最高.杂交种与亲本物种的遗传多样性总体差异不大,这可能与野生亲本物种的遗传多样性较丰富有关.同时,SSR标记可以将杂交种完全鉴定出来,但杂交种与母本滇魔芋的亲缘关系更近,表明母本在杂交过程中产生了更大的遗传影响.这些发现为后续魔芋的分子辅助育种工作提供了新的思路和方向.

Amorphophallus species have been considered as an important cash crop in Southwest China for the wild usage of glucomannan in food and medicinal fields.Individuals of Amorphophallus yunnanensis,A.dunnii,and their hybrids were analyzed using SSR markers to determine their genetic diversity and relationship to help with the utilization of hybrid resources.The results showed that no significant differences in genetic indices between hybrids and parents.The highest number of alleles was found in A.yunnanensis and hybrids,while A.dunnii had the highest values in the Shannon index,observed,and expected heterozygosity,attributed to the high genetic diversity in wild parental species.Additionally,a unique genetic cluster formed with hybrids was identified using SSR markers,and the hybrids were found to be more closely related to A.yunnanensis than to A.dunnii.The maternal species,A.yunnanensis,may have a greater genetic impact on the hybrids.These findings provide new insights for future molecular associate breeding of Amorphophallus resources.