分野与信仰:金华地区的星神崇拜与景观建筑

Fenye and belief:the Star God worship and landscape architecture in Jinhua

金华古称婺州,乃因其地上应婺女星的天文分野说而得名。通过考察地方志资料可知,这一星土对应关系催生出婺女星君的民间信仰,当地民众立祠供奉,历代兴修营建,南宋赐额宝婺观,明清多称星君楼,成为金华极具代表性的地理景观,从而使这种源自分野的星神崇拜在民众的精神生活中得以长存。而且有趣的是,金华本地的另一代表性文化景观八咏楼在南宋逐渐与宝婺观合为一体,明清时期八咏文脉依附于星君楼而存续,以致一楼双名,世人莫辨。通过此研究案例,可以了解唐宋以降分野学说在民间社会的传播和流变,以及对人们知识、思想与信仰的深远影响。

Jinhua was called Wuzhou in history,which was named after the constellation of Wunüaccording to the correspondence theory between Heaven and Earth called“Fenye”.The study of local chronicles reveals that the relationship between the constellation and the region gave birth to the folk belief in the Star God of Wunü.Local residents built a temple for worship,which was renovated and expanded over dynasties.During the Southern Song dynasty,the temple was named Baowu Guan,and during the Ming and Qing dynasties,it was often called Xingjun Lou.This site became a highly representative geographical landmark of Jinhua,thereby ensuring the long-lasting worship of Star God,which derived from the regional constellation,in the spiritual life of residents.Interestingly,another iconic cultural landmark of Jinhua-the Bayong Lou,was gradually integrated into Baowu Guan during the Southern Song dynasty.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,the literary tradition along with the Bayong Lou survived by attaching itself to the Xingjun Lou.People may be confused to find that the architecture had two names.Through this case study,we may learn the spread and change of the“Fenye”theory in the local society in the Tang and Song dynasties,and the profound influence it has on people’s knowledge,thoughts and beliefs.