省域意识与晚明党争--以“浙党”为中心的考察

Provincial consciousness and partisan conflict in the late Ming dynasty:a case study centered on the Zhe Faction

有明一代,随着行省制度的成熟及诸省份省域范围的固定,在省级政区和科举制度的双重规整下,一种立足于特定地域文化认同和地域利益的省域意识开始形成。作为这种省域意识的现实反映,晚明政坛上出现了若干个以省为认同单位的地域性政治派别,浙党即为其中的典型代表。浙党兴起的基础,是浙江士大夫基于本省同乡的群体意识以及相似的文化认同和价值取向。在其发展过程中,又集中体现了浙江士大夫集团的相互帮衬、扶持及对异派的倾轧。晚明浙党的兴起与发展,折射出省域意识在明代政治生活中有着不可忽视的作用和影响。

In the Ming dynasty,with the maturity of the provincial system and the fixation of the division of provinces,under the dual regulation of the provincial political district and the imperial examination system,a provincial consciousness based on specific regional cultural identity and regional interests of a specific region began to form.As a realistic reflection of this provincial consciousness,several regional political factions with the province as the identification unit emerged in the political arena in the late Ming dynasty.Zhe Faction was one typical representative.It is the group consciousness of Zhejiang Confucian scholars which is based on their hometown and similar cultural identity and value orientation that contributes to the rise of the Zhe Faction.In the process of its development,Zhejiang Confucian scholar groups supported each other and strived against rival factions together.The rise and development of the Zhe Faction in the late Ming dynasty reflected the important role and influence of provincial consciousness in political life at that time.