知信行模式护理对老年糖尿病合并高血压患者生活质量、自我管理能力的影响

The influence of the nursing model based on knowledge and practice on the quality of life and self-management ability of elderly diabetic patients with hypertension

目的:探讨基于知信行模式护理对老年糖尿病合并高血压患者生活质量、自我管理能力的影响。方法:选取2023年10月~2024年1月天津市第三中心医院收治的82例老年糖尿病合并高血压患者,根据随机数字表法分为常规组(39例)与研究组(43例)。常规组进行常规护理,研究组进行基于知信行模式护理。1个月后,比较两组治疗信念、知识与行为情况、自我管理能力、生活质量量表测评(GQOL-74)评分及抑郁情况。结果:两组护理后疾病知识及治疗信念平均均升高,研究组较常规组升高明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),护理前两组自我管理能力中情绪管理、日常生活管理、疾病管理及运动管理差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后,两组自我管理能力中情绪管理、日常生活管理、疾病管理及运动管理均升高,且研究组各评分较常规组升高明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),护理前两组GQOL-74及汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后,两组HAMD评分均降低,研究组较常规组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),GQOL-74评分升高,研究组较常规组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于知信行模式护理能够改善老年糖尿病合并高血压患者的信念、知识与行为情况,提高自我管理能力,改善患者生活质量及抑郁情况。

Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of knowledge,belief and practice nursing on the quality of life and self-management ability of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with hypertension.Method A total of 82 elderly patients with diabetes mellitus combined with hypertension admitted to our hospital from October 2023 to January 2024 were selected and divided into conventional group(39 cases)and study group(43 cases)according to random number table method.The conventional group received routine nursing,and the study group received nursing based on knowledge and practice mode.One month later,the patients'treatment beliefs,knowledge and behavior,self-management ability,Quality of Life scale(GQOL-74)score and depression were compared.Results The average disease knowledge and treatment belief of patients in the 2 groups were increased after nursing,and the study group was higher than the conventional group(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in the self-management ability of emotion management,daily life management,disease management and exercise management between the 2 groups before nursing(P>0.05).Emotional management,daily life management,disease management and exercise management were all increased in the two groups,and the scores in the study group were higher than those in the conventional group(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in GQOL-74 and HAMD scores between the two groups before nursing(P>0.05).After nursing,HAMD scores in the two groups were decreased.The score of HAMD in study group was lower than that in conventional group(P<0.05),and the score of GQOL-74 in study group was higher than that in conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion The nursing based on knowledge and practice can improve the belief,knowledge and behavior,self-management ability,quality of life and depression of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension.