黄色黏球菌/铜绿假单胞菌-离子型稀土矿相互作用比较研究

Comparative study on interactions between Myxococcus xanthus/Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ionic rare earth minerals

以稀土矿区环境中常见的黄色黏球菌和铜绿假单胞菌为对象,比较研究这两种细菌及其发酵液与离子型稀土矿相互作用过程中的溶液行为;利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射和傅里叶红外光谱等手段分析作用前后细胞和矿物相的形态、结构、稀土元素分布和官能团变化。结果表明,黄色黏球菌、铜绿假单胞菌对稀土矿物作用过程具有一定差异性,在溶浸稀土矿过程中,铜绿假单胞菌直接作用体系相比发酵液间接作用体系溶浸稀土离子效果更好,而黄色黏球菌直接作用体系弱于发酵液间接作用体系。此外,稀土矿物的存在可以促进黄色黏球菌脂质和蛋白组分的分泌,抑制其多糖组分的分泌,而对铜绿假单胞菌,稀土矿物的存在对脂质和蛋白组分分泌影响较小,但促进了多糖组分的分泌。

In this paper,Myxococcus xanthus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,which are common in the rare earth mining environment,were prepared,and the solution behaviors of the two bacteria and their fermentation broth during the interaction with ion-type rare earth ore were comparatively studied.The morphology,structure,distribution of rare earth elements and functional groups of the cells and mineral phases were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and Fou-rier infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that there were some differences in the interaction processes of the M.xanthus and P.aeruginosa on rare earth minerals.In the leaching process of rare earth minerals,the direct-action system of P.aeruginosa was better than that of the indirect-action system of the fermentation broth,while the direct-action system of the M.xanthus was weaker than that of the indirect action system of the fermentation liquid.In addition,the presence of rare earth minerals can promote the secretion of lip-id and protein components of M.xanthus and inhibit the secretion of polysaccharide components,while for P.aeruginosa,the presence of rare earth minerals has little effect on the secretion of lipid and protein components but promotes the secretion of polysaccharide components.