新时代基层应急管理人才能力要求与赋能向度

Ability requirements and empowerment dimensions of grass-roots emergency management talents in the new era

基层是国家治理的最末端和服务群众的最前沿,然而基层应急管理人才队伍却呈现出不同程度的缺位缺额。本文通过深入分析基层特征、组织体系和参与主体嬗变,将基层应急管理的历史变迁划分为“政府包揽-群众自救”“政府统筹-社会参与”“政府治理-社会调节-居民自治”等3个阶段,结合文献研究和实地调研,构建了由2个层次、4个一级指标、18个二级指标组成的基层应急管理人才能力指标体系。文章通过问卷调查方式获得基层应急管理人才能力重要度排序,在一级指标层面,预防与应急准备权重0.4828居于首位,预防与应急准备、监测与预警相应二级指标排序靠前。研究结果表明,基层应急管理人才赋能的“工作-学习”并行机制和“基层-高校”联动机制,深化了应急管理人才规模及评价范畴,对各级组织应急管理人才队伍建设发展具有一定参考价值。

Grass-roots units are the end of state governance as well as the forefront of serving the masses,but the ranks of emergency management talents at grass-roots unit are lacking in different degrees.Through in-depth analysis of grass-roots characteristics,organizational system and the evolu-tion of participants,the historical changes of grass-roots emergency management can be divided into three stages:"government undertaking mass self help"and"government governance-social regulation-residents autonomy.Combined with literature research and field investigation,an index system of basic emergency management talent ability is constructed,which consists of 2 levels,4 first-level indicators and 18 second-level indicators.Through the questionnaire survey,the ranking of the ability importance of grass-roots emergency management talents is obtained.At the level of primary indicators,the weight of prevention and emergency preparedness is 0.4828,and the corresponding secondary indicators of pre-vention and emergency preparedness,monitoring and early warning are ranked first.Based on compre-hensive research results,this paper puts forward the parallel mechanism of"work-study"and the linkage mechanism of"grassroots-college"to empower grass-roots emergency management talents.This study deepens the scale and evaluation category of emergency management talents,which has certain reference value for the construction and development of emergency management talents at all levels.