清末民初云南士绅转型——以云南咨议局士绅议员为中心

On the Transformation of the Gentry Members of Yunnan Advisory Bureau in Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

清末民初边疆时变势异,云南士绅突破传统士绅阶层的功能,在变局的调适与转型过程中重构政治认同。清末预备立宪时期云南咨议局士绅参政议政,为维护边疆主权奔走呼号,在此过程中对清廷“宪政”颇为失望;重九起义后,原云南咨议局士绅积极参与到军督政府中,推进“共和”政治建设;护国运动中各方的矛盾与张力激发了原云南咨议局士绅强烈的国家社会责任感,积极维护“共和”政治。从清末新政到军督政府的建立,云南士绅不断进行调适与转型,其政治观念、边疆观念在不同时期呈现出不同特点,且推动革命所发挥的作用和影响力延续至下一个革命高潮的到来。

In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,Yunnan as a border province has gone through constant changes.The gentry in Yunnan strode across the functions of the traditional gentry class and reconstructed their political identity in the process of adjusting and transforming.During the process of constitutionalism at the end of the Qing Dynasty,the gentry of the Yunnan Advisory Bureau participated in politics and advocated for safeguarding sovereignty.They were quite disappointed with the Qing government's “constitutionalism”;After the Double Ninth Uprising,the gentry of the former Yunnan Advisory Bureau actively joined in the military governor system and promoted the political construction of the “republic”;The contradictions among various parties in “The Defending Republicanism Movement” have motivated a strong sense of responsibility among the gentry of the former Yunnan Advisory Bureau.During the special periods the gentry of Yunnan continuously transformed their role and adjusted themselves to the constant changes and whose influence continued until the arrival of the next revolutionary climax.