民事欺诈与刑事诈骗的区分

The Distinction Between Civil Fraud and Criminal Fraud

目前,司法实践中存在民事欺诈和刑事诈骗难以区分的现实困境,二者分属于不同的法律范畴,理论上往往从欺骗的内容、方式、程度、主观故意类型、非法占有目的等角度对二者进行区别,司法实践中通常根据民事救济的可能丧失判定是否需要刑法介入,以及以行为人的客观表现为基础推断其主观目的。在区分民事欺诈和刑事诈骗时,首先要明确二者并非对立排斥的关系,其次应当遵循从客观到主观的顺序对案件加以考察,最后应当将欺骗内容、欺骗方式、欺骗程度等客观标准同主观故意内容、非法占有目的等主观标准相结合,综合全案案情并结合社会效果对此类案件进行整体评价。

At present,there is a practical dilemma in judicial practice:it is difficult to distinguish be-tween civil fraud and criminal fraud.They belong to different legal categories.In theory,we often distin-guish them from the perspectives of the content,method,and the degree of deception,the type of intention,and illegal possession purpose.In judicial practice,we usually base on the objective performance of the perpetrator to infer whether the subjective purpose of illegal possession exists,and we also base on the pos-sible loss of civil remedies to infer whether criminal law intervention is required.When distinguishing be-tween civil fraud and criminal fraud,there are a few points to note.First of all,it must be clear that civil fraud and criminal fraud are not mutually exclusive.Secondly,the case should be examined in order from ob-jective to subjective.Finally,we should combine objective standards such as the content of deception,the method of deception,and the degree of deception with subjective standards such as the intentional content and the purpose of illegal possession,so that we can make an overall evaluation of such cases based on the overall circumstances of the case and the social effects.