韩国转基因生物安全管理与发展现状

Current Situation of Safety Management and Development of Genetically Modified Organisms(GMOs) in South Korea

转基因技术的诞生和发展,带来了新一轮的农业科技革命,全球主要国家都将发展转基因技术作为提升农业科技竞争力的重要任务。韩国目前没有商业化种植转基因作物,但每年会从美国和阿根廷进口大量的转基因玉米和大豆,是典型的粮食净进口国和转基因产品进口大国。韩国对待转基因的监管态度介于较宽松的美国管理模式和较严格的欧盟管理模式之间,并通过修订《转基因生物法案》推动基因编辑等新兴生物技术产业的发展。通过介绍韩国转基因生物安全相关的法律法规和管理机构、标识管理、转基因作物研究与应用等情况,旨在全面了解韩国的转基因生物安全管理制度,从而为建立和完善我国相关的安全管理制度,推动我国农业转基因生物产业化发展提供借鉴。

Since the birth and development of Genetically Modified(GM) technology,which gradually brought about a new round of agricultural technology revolution,countries around the world have taken the research and development(R&D) of GM technology as an important task to enhance their scientific and technological competitiveness.Currently,South Korea does not commercially plant any GM crops.However,it imports large amount of GM corn and soybean from the US and Argentina every year,making it a typical net importer of food and a major importer of GM products.South Korea's attitude towards GMOs falls between the more lenient US model and the stricter European Union model.This paper introduced the relevant laws and regulations,regulatory agencies,labeling management,and research and application of GMOs in South Korea.The aim was to comprehensively understand GMOs safety management system in South Korea,and provide references for establishing and improving China's relevant safety management system and promoting the industrialization of agricultural GMOs in China.