江苏淮北地区小麦穗发芽抗性鉴定及其等位基因检测

Evaluation of Wheat Pre-Harvest Sprouting Resistance and Allele Detection in Huaibei Area of Jiangsu Province

为了解江苏淮北地区小麦品种穗发芽抗性以及相关基因的分布,以该地区近20年通过审定的44份小麦品种作为材料,采用整穗发芽和籽粒发芽两种方法鉴定其穗发芽抗性;利用分子标记对主要穗发芽抗性相关基因TaVp-1B、TaMFT-3A、TaMKK3-A、TaPM19-A1、Tamyb10-D1和TaDFR-B进行检测,并结合其表型分析不同抗性基因的效应。结果显示,44份品种的SGR(整穗发芽率)均值为52.5%,变化范围为10.5%~88.8%;GI(发芽指数)均值为53.9%,变化范围为12.4%~96.7%;有7份品种的SGR和GI值达到了中抗水平,可以作为抗穗发芽种质资源;未发现高抗品种。在6个与穗发芽抗性相关的基因中,TaDFR-Bb分布频率最高,达到95.5%,其余基因依次为TaMFT-3Aa(68.2%)、TaVp-1Bc(50.0%)、TaMKK3-Ac(25.0%)、TaPM19-A1a(13.6%)、Tamyb10-D1b(0)。与表型结合分析发现,只有TaMFT-3Aa和TaMKK3-Ac与穗发芽抗性显著相关,TaVp-1Bc和TaPM19-A1a与表型相关性不显著。因此,在抗穗发芽育种过程中,可以结合分子标记对TaMFT-3Aa和TaMKK3-Ac基因进行筛选并加以利用。

To investigate the wheat pre-harvest sprouting(PHS)resistance and the related gene distribution in wheat cultivars from Huaibei area of Jiangsu Province,a total of 44 wheat varieties approved in recent 20 years in this area were used as test materials,and their PHS resistance were analyzed by spike germination and grain germination method.The major genes related to PHS resistance,including TaVp-1B,TaMFT-3A,TaMKK3-A,TaPM19-A1,Tamyb10-D1 and TaDFR-B,were detected in the tested varieties by functional molecular markers.Moreover,the validity of different resistance genes was analyzed by combining with phenotypes.The results showed that the mean value of SGR(spike germination rate)of the 44 varieties was 52.5%,with the variation ranging from 10.5%to 88.8%.The average value of GI(germination index)was 53.9%,ranging from 12.4%to 96.7%.Among them,the SGR and GI values of seven wheat varieties reached to the medium resistance,which can be used as genetic resources in pre-harvest sprouting resistance breeding.However,highly resistant wheat varieties was not detected in this study.Among the six genes related to PHS resistance,TaDFR-Bb had the highest distribution frequency,reaching 95.5%,followed by TaMFT-3Aa(68.2%),TaVp-1Bc(50.0%),TaMKK3-Ac(25.0%),TaPM19-A1a(13.6%),and Tamyb10-D1b(0).Combining with phenotype analysis,it was found that only TaMFT-3Aa and TaMKK3-Ac were significantly correlated with PHS resistance,while TaVp-1Bc and TaPM19-A1a were not significantly correlated with PHS resistance.Thus,it was suggested that TaMFT-3A and TaMKK3-A genes are important genes for PHS resistance in wheat breeding,and they are suggested to be screened and utilized combining with molecular markers.