静电纺丝碳纳米纤维复合材料的制备及应用进展

Process of synthesis and application of carbon nanofiber composites by electrospinning

碳纳米纤维(CNFs)是由碳元素组成的一维材料,由于其具有尺寸可调、高导热性、高导电性和良好的机械阻力等优点,在能源和储能领域可以赋予材料更多新的性能。综述了近年来静电纺丝碳纳米纤维在电极、吸波、催化、吸附、传感器、储能材料等领域的应用进展,简要介绍了CNFs的制备方法,包括静电纺丝法和化学气相沉积(CVD)法,同时分析了CNFs复合材料在增强电化学性能方面的优势。在应用层面上,介绍了基于CNFs复合材料的匹配性,为高性能CNFs纳米材料的应用和研究提供参考依据。如何操控CNFs材料表面和化学性质,优化CNFs结构,将CNFs复合材料灵活用于特定应用,促进碳纳米纤维复合材料的应用发展。

Carbon nanofibers(CNFs)are one-dimensional materials composed of carbon elements.Due to its advantages of adjustable size,high thermal conductivity,high electrical conductivity and good mechanical resis⁃tance,CNFs materials can be given more new properties in the field of energy and energy storage.The applica⁃tion of electrospun carbon nanofibers in electrode,absorption,catalysis,adsorption,sensor and energy storage materials in recent years is reviewed.The preparation methods of CNFs,including electrospinning and chemi⁃cal vapor deposition(CVD),are briefly introduced.At the same time,the advantages of CNFs composites in enhancing electrochemical performance are analyzed.At the application level,the matching of CNFs-based composites is introduced,which provides a reference for the application and research of high-performance CNFs nanomaterials.How to manipulate the surface and chemical properties of CNFs materials,optimize the structure of CNFs,and flexibly use CNFs composites for specific applications has promoted the application de⁃velopment of carbon nanofiber composites.