研究生培养的薄弱环节与对策建议——基于fsQCA的实证研究

Weaknesses,Countermeasures and Suggestions in Graduate Training

基于多个全国层面大样本调查,研究生培养存在课程教学前沿性和实践性不够、科研训练的供给和创新能力培养不足、管理服务的人性化缺乏等薄弱环节。运用模糊集合定性比较分析(fsQCA)研究发现:研究生创新人才培养有4种高质量组态和4种低质量组态,不存在影响高质量培养或低质量培养的必要条件,而教学前沿性、课程设置合理性和科研实训是高质量培养的充分条件,导师指导与高质量培养具有很强关联。为此,需要着眼学术前沿和学科交叉,提升研究生课程教学质量;着眼全面覆盖和深度参与,加强研究生创新能力培养;着眼宽广视野和条件优化,提升研究生管理服务水平。

Based on several large sample surveys at the national level,there are weaknesses in the postgraduate education,such as insufficient cutting-edge teaching and practicality of the curriculum,insufficient supply of scientific research training and cultivation of innovation ability,and lack of humanization in management and services.By using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method,the study found that there are four high-quality groupings and four low-quality groupings in the cultivation of innovative postgraduate talents.In fact,there are no necessary conditions affecting high-quality training or low-quality training,and cutting-edge teaching,reasonable curriculum and scientific research training are sufficient conditions for high-quality training,and there is a strong correlation between supervisors'guidance and high-quality training.Therefore,it is necessary to focus on the academic frontiers and cross-disciplines to improve the quality of postgraduate course teaching,focus on the comprehensive coverage and in-depth participation to strengthen postgraduates'innovation ability cultivation,and focus on broad vision and optimization of conditions to improve the level of postgraduate management and services.