ChatGPT介入高校网络思想政治教育的风险审视及应对策略

Risks and Coping Strategies of ChatGPT's Intervention in OnlineIdeological and Political Education in University

作为生成式人工智能的突破性产品,ChatGPT的问世给网络空间带来了生态性变革和结构性影响,其技术赋能高校网络思想政治教育的同时将带来教育要素及要素间关系的深刻重构,引发网络思想政治话语传播的链条重组。在深度介入高校网络思想政治教育的过程中,ChatGPT的技术短板会增加教育实效性被削弱的风险,其对教育主体的取代会带来主体权威性缺失、情感主体缺失和主体主导性缺失等主体性遮蔽风险,内嵌于技术中的话语偏见和技术偏见会为错误价值观渗透开辟通路,而在数字赋能的表象下潜藏着技术对教育伦理的僭越风险。面对这些风险挑战,在制度界面要持续完善适用于ChatGPT技术健康发展的法律法规,推动构建全面监管体系,探索建立风险防范制度;在技术界面要着力补齐ChatGPT的“技术短板”、化解“技术偏见”、防范“技术宰制”;在教育界面要稳固人类教育者的主体性地位,提高教育对象的自主学习能力,以人机协同的关系链接促进教育本质的回归。

As a ground-breaking product of generative artificial intelligence,ChatGPT has brought ecological changes and structural impacts to cyberspace.While it empowers online ideological and political education in university,it will also induce a profound reconstruction of educational elements and the relationship between elements,and trigger the reorganization in the chain of transmission of ideological and political discourses on the internet.During the process of its deep involvement in online ideological and political education in universities,the technical shortcomings of ChatGPT may increase the risk of weakening the effectiveness of education.Its replacement of the subject of education may bring the risk of masked subjectivity,such as the lack of subject authority,emotional subject and subject dominance.The discourse bias and technical bias embedded in technology may open up a way for the penetration of wrong values.The digital empowerment may conceal the risk of technology's overstepping in educational ethics.Facing these risks and challenges,at the institutional level,laws and regulations applicable to the healthy development of ChatGPT technology should be continuously improved,a comprehensive regulatory system should be promoted,and a risk prevention system should be explored;at the technical level,it's necessary to make up for the"technical shortcomings",to resolve"technical bias",and to prevent"technological domination"of ChatGPT;at the educational level,the subjective status of human educators should be secured,the autonomous learning ability of the educational objects should be improved,and human-machine collaboration relationship should be used to promote the return of the essence of education.