土地革命背景下农村婚姻关系的变迁与重塑——基于对韩丁《翻身》的研究

The Change and Remodeling of Rural Marital Relationship Under the Background of the Agrarian Revolution— Based on the Study of Fanshen by Han Ding

传统婚姻关系随着土地革命的推进发生某些“质”的变化,《翻身》是呈现这一时期包括婚姻关系在内的社会变迁的重要文本。基于对《翻身》的研究可以发现,在土地革命之前,传统农村婚姻关系的缔结、婚姻的存续再到婚姻的解除与再嫁,从始至终皆受制于传统的宗法制度,而女性在其中更是处于卑微的地位。土地革命之后,婚姻关系在婚姻自主权、财产权、社会公共活动权及组织保障等方面发生一系列的变化,即由习俗制约到法制介入、由夫权依附到物质保障、由原子化的个人到组织化的团体、由边缘化到公共活动的积极参与者。此时,新型婚姻关系的构建虽然仍然受到传统观念等因素的制约,但农村婚姻关系逐渐呈现出以平等为基调的态势,广大妇女的主体意识和人格尊严呈现觉醒的趋势。

With the advancement of the Agrarian Revolution,there were certain“quality”changes in the traditional marital relationship,and Fanshen is an important text that presents the social changes during this period,including the marriage relationship.Based on the study of Fanshen,it can be found that before the Agrarian Revolution,the conclusion of traditional rural marriages,the continuation of marriages,and the dissolution of marriages and remarriages were all subject to the traditional patriarchal system,in which women were in an even more inferior position.After the Agrarian Revolution,the marital relationship experienced a series of changes in terms of autonomy,property rights,social public activity rights,and organizational guarantees,namely from being constrained by customs to being intervened by laws,from dependence on marital rights to material guarantees,from atomized individuals to organized groups,and from marginalization to active participants in public activities.At this time,although the construction of the new marital relationship still faces constraints such as traditional concepts,but the rural marital relationship gradually presents a situation characterized by equality,and the subjective consciousness and human dignity of women are showing a trend of awakening.